MIAMI — A federal judge declined to jail a Florida teenager accused of murdering and sexually assaulting his stepsister on Wednesday, allowing him to remain in the custody of a family member while he awaits trial.

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Timothy Hudson, 16, has been free since the slaying of Anna Kepner, who died on Nov. 7, 2025 aboard a Carnival cruise ship. He was arrested and charged as a juvenile and allowed to live with an uncle because of his age.

But in April, he was indicted by a federal grand jury as an adult, introducing the possibility that he could be jailed as he awaits trial.

“If it were a 20 year old under the exact circumstances I probably would have detained,” U.S. District Court Judge Edwin Torres said. “The presumption would be we were just not going to take that chance.”

“This is a different animal,” Torres said.

Torres took into consideration that detaining Hudson in Miami-Dade County — where he was charged — would make it difficult for his family, who lives hundreds of miles away in Hernando County, to visit him.

The judge said he wanted to “know what my options are” about potentially detaining Hudson closer to home before deciding to hold him behind bars.

Alejandra Lopez, a lawyer for the government, argued that Hudson is “a danger to the community” and questioned how authorities can trust “this defendant won’t act again.”

She noted that two minors live in Hudson’s uncle’s home, where he is residing.

“What is needed to probe a danger? A second dead body?” she asked.

Evan Kuhl, a public defender representing Hudson, argued that his client is not a danger to the public nor a flight risk because he has abided by the conditions of his release for several months without any incidents.

Lopez shot back that it took months after Kepner’s death for officials to charge Hudson because authorities were gathering evidence.

“How is he going to be a risk of flight if he doesn’t even know if he’s going to be charged?” she asked. “That doesn’t make sense.”

Hudson is only allowed to leave his house with his uncle or aunt, and will be electronically monitored by authorities.

The November cruise vacation included the victim’s father, stepmother and two of her children, including the young suspect Hudson. Kepner’s father and Hudson’s mother married in December 2024.

Kepner’s body was found wrapped in a blanket, brusied and under a bed in her room, concealed by life vests. Her death was ruled a homicide caused by “mechanical asphyxiation,” according to the Miami-Dade Medical Examiner.

The girl and her stepbrother were sharing a room on the cruise, according to Hudson’s father’s lawyer.

The teenager was arrested while the ship was in international waters en route to Miami. He was hospitalized upon the ship’s docking and has since been in counseling, according to a lawyer for his mother.

Chris Kepner — Anna Kepner’s father and Hudson’s stepfather — declared that “justice needs to be served” on the day Hudson’s indictment was made public.

Kepner was a high school senior and cheerleader, with hopes of cheerleading for the University of Georgia. She was remembered in her obituary for lacking a filter and being “bubbly, funny, outgoing, and completely herself.” At the time, her family said that “in true Anna fashion, the family would like everyone to know there is no GoFundMe” for her funeral. She was set to graduate high school this spring.

Lopez said Wednesday that Hudson’s trial could begin in September.

When Preston Nafz was 12, he asked his dad for permission to play lacrosse.

“First practice, he came back, he said, ‘Dad, I love it,'” recalled his father, Lothar Nafz, of Hoover, Alabama. “He lives for lacrosse.”

But years of youth sports took a toll on Preston’s body. By the time the teenager limped off the field during a lacrosse tournament last year, the pain in his left hip had become so intense that he had trouble with simple activities, such as getting out of a car or turning over in bed. Months of physical therapy and anti-inflammatory drugs didn’t help.

Not only did he have to give up sports, but “I could barely do anything,” said Preston, now 17.

The Medical Procedure

A doctor recommended Preston undergo a procedure called a sports hernia repair to mend damaged tissue in his pelvis, believed to be causing his pain.

The sports medicine clinic treating Preston told Lothar that the procedure had no medical billing code — an identifier that providers use to charge insurers and other payers. It likely would be a struggle to persuade their insurer to cover it, Lothar was told, which is why he needed to pay upfront.

With his son suffering, Lothar said, the surgery “needed to be done.” He paid more than $7,000 to the clinic and the surgery center with a personal credit card and a medical credit card with a zero-interest rate.

Preston underwent surgery in November, and his father filed a claim with their insurer, hoping for a full reimbursement. It didn’t come.

The Final Bill

$7,105, which broke down as $480 for anesthesia, a $625 facility fee, and $6,000 for the surgery.

The Billing Problem: No CPT Code

Before the surgery, Lothar said, he called Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Alabama and was encouraged to learn that his policy typically covers most medical, non-cosmetic procedures.

But during follow-up phone calls, he said, insurance representatives were “deflecting, trying to wiggle out.” He said he called several times, getting a denial just before the surgery.

Lothar said he trusted his son’s doctor, who showed him research indicating the surgery works. The clinic, Andrews Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Center, has a good reputation in Alabama, he said.

Other medical providers not involved in the case called the surgery a legitimate treatment.

A sports hernia — also known as an “athletic pubalgia” — is a catchall phrase to describe pain that athletes may experience in the lower groin or upper thigh area, said David Geier, an orthopedic surgeon and sports medicine specialist in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina.

“There’s a number of underlying things that can cause it,” Geier said. Because of that, there isn’t “one accepted surgery for that problem. That’s why I suspect there’s not a uniform CPT.”

CPT stands for “Current Procedural Terminology” and refers to the numerical or alphanumeric codes for procedures and services performed in a clinical or outpatient setting. There’s a CPT code for a rapid strep test, for example, and different codes for various X-rays.

The lack of a CPT code can cause reimbursement headaches, since insurers determine how much to pay based on the CPT codes providers use on claims forms.

More than 10,000 CPT codes exist. Several hundred are added each year by a special committee of the American Medical Association, explained Leonta Williams, director of education at AAPC, previously known as the American Academy of Professional Coders.

Codes are more likely to be proposed if the procedure in question is highly utilized, she said.

Not many orthopedic surgeons in the U.S. perform sports hernia repairs, Geier said. He said some insurers consider the surgery experimental.

Preston said his pain improved since his surgery, though recovery was much longer and more painful than he expected.

By the end of April, Lothar said, he’d finished paying off the surgery.

The Resolution

A billing statement from the surgery center shows that the CPT code assigned to Preston’s sports hernia repair was “27299,” which stands for “a pelvis or hip joint procedure that does not have a specific code.”

After submitting more documentation to appeal the insurance denial, Lothar received a check from the insurer for $620.26. Blue Cross and Blue Shield didn’t say how it came up with that number or which costs it was reimbursing.

Lothar said he has continued to receive confusing messages from the insurer about his claim.

Both the insurer and the sports medicine clinic declined to comment.

The Takeaway

Before you undergo a medical procedure, try to check whether your insurer will cover the cost and confirm it has a billing code.

Williams of the AAPC suggests asking your insurer: “Do you reimburse this code? What types of services fall under this code? What is the likelihood of this being reimbursed?”

Persuading an insurer to pay for care that doesn’t have its own billing code is difficult but not impossible, Williams said. Your doctor can bill insurance using an “unlisted code” along with documentation explaining what procedure was performed.

“Anytime you’re dealing with an unlisted code, there’s additional work needed to explain what service was rendered and why it was needed,” she said.

Some patients undergoing procedures without CPT codes may be asked to pay upfront. You can also offer a partial upfront payment, which may motivate your provider to team up to get insurance to pay.

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